Science:高果糖玉米糖浆促进小鼠肠道肿瘤生长

诸平

美国/瑞士以及韩国的研究人员合作研究发现含葡萄糖(Glu)和果糖(Fru)混合物的加糖饮料(SSBs)，在饮用后通过胃肠道。Marcus D. Goncalves等人的研究表明，Glu和Fru被肠道肿瘤直接吸收，每天服用SSBs可以加速肿瘤的生长。这种生长促进作用依赖于酮己糖激酶(KHK)，它从Fru中产生果糖1-磷酸酯(F1P)，导致三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的耗竭。这两种代谢变化都促进Glu转化为肿瘤生长所需的构建块。

糖是否直接喂养癌症，促进它们的生长?贝勒医学院(Baylor College of Medicine)和威尔康奈尔医学院(Weill Cornell Medicine)的研究人员牵头进行的一项研究显示，至少在老鼠身上，答案似乎是肯定的。他们的研究结果于2019年3月22日在《科学》(Science)杂志网站上发表()，研究表明，每天摄入适量的高果糖玉米糖浆--相当于人们每天喝大约12盎司的含糖饮料--会加速这种疾病小鼠模型中肠道肿瘤的生长，而与肥胖无关。研究小组还发现了饮用含糖饮料可以直接促进癌症生长的机制，这表明了潜在的新型治疗策略。更多信息请注意浏览原文或者相关报道。

High-fructose corn syrup boosts intestinal tumor growth in mice

Does sugar directly feed cancers, boosting their growth? The answer seems to be 'Yes' at least in mice according to a study led by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and Weill Cornell Medicine. Their study, published ...

Does sugar directly feed cancers, boosting their growth? The answer seems to be 'Yes' at least in mice according to a study led by researchers at Baylor College of Medicine and Weill Cornell Medicine. Their study, published in Science,showed that consuming a daily modest amount of high-fructose corn syrup-the equivalent of people drinking about 12 ounces of a sugar-sweetened beverage daily-accelerates the growth of intestinal tumors in mouse models of the disease, independently of obesity. The team also discovered the mechanism by which the consumption of sugary drinks can directly feed cancer growth, suggesting potential novel therapeutic strategies.

\"An increasing number of observational studies have raised awareness of the association between consumingsugary drinks,obesity and the risk ofcolorectal cancer,\" said co-corresponding author Dr. Jihye Yun, assistant professor of molecular andhuman geneticsat Baylor. \"The current thought is that sugar is harmful to our health mainly because consuming too much can lead to obesity. We know that obesity increases the risk of many types of cancer including colorectal cancer; however, we were uncertain whether a direct and causal link existed between sugar consumption and cancer. Therefore, I decided to address this important question when I was a postdoc in the Dr. Lewis Cantley lab at Weill Cornell Medicine.

First, Yun and her colleagues generated a mouse model of early-stage colon cancer where APC gene is deleted. \"APC is a gatekeeper in colorectal cancer. Deleting this protein is like removing the breaks of a car. Without it, normal intestinal cells neither stop growing nor die, forming early stage tumors called polyps. More than 90 percent of colorectal cancer patients have this type of APC mutation\", Yun said.

Using this mouse model of the disease, the team tested the effect of consuming sugar-sweetened water on tumor development. The sweetened water was 25 percent high-fructose corn syrup, which is the main sweetener of sugary drinks people consume. High-fructose corn syrup consists of glucose and fructose at a 45:55 ratio.

When the researchers provided the sugary drink in the water bottle for the APC-model mice to drink at their will, mice rapidly gained weight in a month. To prevent the mice from being obese and mimic humans' daily consumption of one can of soda, the researchers gave the mice a moderate amount of sugary water orally with a special syringe once a day. After two months, the APC-model mice receiving sugary water did not become obese, but developed tumors that were larger and of higher-grade than those in model mice treated with regular water.

\"These results suggest that when the animals have early stage of tumors in the intestines-which can occur in many young adult humans by chance and without notice-consuming even modest amounts of high-fructose corn syrup in liquid form can boost tumor growth and progression independently of obesity,\" Yun said. \"Further research is needed to translate these discovery to people; however, our findings in animal models suggest that chronic consumption of sugary drinks can shorten the time it takes cancer to develop. In humans, it usually takes 20 to 30 years for colorectal cancer to grow from early stage benign tumors to aggressive cancers.\"

\"This observation in animal models might explain why increased consumption of sweet drinks and other foods with high sugar content over the past 30 years is correlating with an increase in colorectal cancers in 25 to 50-year-olds in the United States,\" said Cantley, co-corresponding author, former mentor of Yun and professor of cancer biology in medicine and director of the Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center at Weill Cornell Medicine.

上一篇：最高亩产1300多公斤!这些玉米品种高产又稳产，供
下一篇：没有了